SharePoint Online：使用 PowerShell 将大型列表项目存档到另一个列表

要求：通过将旧项目移动到新列表来归档大型列表以提高性能。

如何在 SharePoint Online 中存档列表项目？

在管理 SharePoint Online 列表时，您可能需要不时归档旧的或未使用的项目。我们如何在 SharePoint Online 中存档旧列表而不删除它们？幸运的是，使用 SharePoint 的内置功能可以轻松完成此过程。事实证明，PowerShell 还可以在 SharePoint Online 中存档列表。本指南将引导您完成在 SharePoint Online 中归档列表项所需的步骤。步骤如下：

1. 从源列表中为存档创建新列表
2. 将项目从源列表移动到存档列表

要创建存档列表，请将现有列表另存为不带内容的模板，然后创建新列表进行存档。您还可以通过转到 SharePoint Online 中的“网站内容>>新建>>列表>>来自现有列表”功能来克隆列表结构。

要使用 Web 浏览器界面从源列表中移动列表项，请使用“网站内容和结构”页面在 SharePoint Online 中移动列表项。您可以通过以下 URL 访问它：https://tenant.sharepoint.com/_layouts/15/sitemanager.aspx，例如 https://crescent.sharepoint.com/sites/marketing/_layouts/15/sitemanager .aspx

PowerShell 在 SharePoint Online 中存档列表项目：

在 SharePoint Online 中归档列表项是一个有用的过程，可帮助您保持网站井井有条并提高性能。通过将旧的或不常用的项目移动到存档位置，您可以帮助简化您的网站并减少混乱。让我们看看如何使用 PowerShell 在 SharePoint Online 中存档列表项。

假设您已准备好存档列表，此脚本会将 SharePoint Online 列表中 90 多天前创建的所有列表项移动到另一个列表。

#Function to copy attachments between list items
Function Copy-SPOAttachments($SourceItem, $TargetItem)
{
    Try {
        #Get All Attachments from Source
        $Attachments = Get-PnPProperty -ClientObject $SourceItem -Property "AttachmentFiles"
        $Attachments | ForEach-Object {
        #Download the Attachment to Temp
        $File  = Get-PnPFile -Url $_.ServerRelativeUrl -FileName $_.FileName -Path $env:TEMP -AsFile -force

        #Add Attachment to Target List Item
        $FileStream = New-Object IO.FileStream(($env:TEMP+"\"+$_.FileName),[System.IO.FileMode]::Open)  
        $AttachmentInfo = New-Object -TypeName Microsoft.SharePoint.Client.AttachmentCreationInformation
        $AttachmentInfo.FileName = $_.FileName
        $AttachmentInfo.ContentStream = $FileStream
        $AttachFile = $TargetItem.AttachmentFiles.add($AttachmentInfo)
        $Context.ExecuteQuery()    
    
        #Delete the Temporary File
        Remove-Item -Path $env:TEMP$($_.FileName) -Force
        }
    }
    Catch {
        write-host -f Red "Error Copying Attachments:" $_.Exception.Message
    }
}

#Function to Archive items from one list to another
Function Archive-SPOListItems()
{
    param
    (
        [Parameter(Mandatory=$true)] [string] $SourceListName,
        [Parameter(Mandatory=$true)] [string] $TargetListName
    )
    Try {
        #Get All Items from the Source List in batches 
        Write-Progress -Activity "Reading Source..." -Status "Getting Items from Source List. Please wait..."
        $SourceListItems = Get-PnPListItem -List $SourceListName -PageSize 500
         Write-host "Total Number of Items Found:"$SourceListItems.count

        #Filter List Items from the source - More than 90 days old!
        $TimeStamp = (Get-Date).AddDays(-90)
        $FilteredSourceListItems  = $SourceListItems | Where {$_["Created"] -Lt $TimeStamp}
        Write-Progress -Activity "Filtering List:" -Status "Filtering Items from Source List, Please wait..."
        $FilteredSourceListItemsCount= $FilteredSourceListItems.count
        Write-host "Total Number of Items After Filter:"$FilteredSourceListItemsCount

        #Get fields to Update from the Source List - Skip Read only, hidden fields, content type and attachments
        $SourceListFields = Get-PnPField -List $SourceListName | Where { (-Not ($_.ReadOnlyField)) -and (-Not ($_.Hidden)) -and ($_.InternalName -ne  "ContentType") -and ($_.InternalName -ne  "Attachments") }
    
        #Loop through each item in the source and Get column values, add them to target
        [int]$Counter = 1
        ForEach($SourceItem in $FilteredSourceListItems)
        {  
            $ItemValue = @{}
            #Map each field from source list to target list
            Foreach($SourceField in $SourceListFields)
            {
                #Check if the Field value is not Null
                If($SourceItem[$SourceField.InternalName] -ne $Null)
                {
                    #Handle Special Fields
                    $FieldType  = $SourceField.TypeAsString

                    If($FieldType -eq "User" -or $FieldType -eq "UserMulti" -or $FieldType -eq "Lookup" -or $FieldType -eq "LookupMulti") #People Picker or Lookup Field
                    {
                        $LookupIDs = $SourceItem[$SourceField.InternalName] | ForEach-Object { $_.LookupID.ToString()}
                        $ItemValue.add($SourceField.InternalName,$LookupIDs)
                    }
                    ElseIf($FieldType -eq "URL") #Hyperlink
                    {
                        $URL = $SourceItem[$SourceField.InternalName].URL
                        $Description  = $SourceItem[$SourceField.InternalName].Description
                        $ItemValue.add($SourceField.InternalName,"$URL, $Description")
                    }
                    ElseIf($FieldType -eq "TaxonomyFieldType" -or $FieldType -eq "TaxonomyFieldTypeMulti") #MMS
                    {
                        $TermGUIDs = $SourceItem[$SourceField.InternalName] | ForEach-Object { $_.TermGuid.ToString()}                    
                        $ItemValue.add($SourceField.InternalName,$TermGUIDs)
                    }
                    Else
                    {
                        #Get Source Field Value and add to Hashtable
                        $ItemValue.add($SourceField.InternalName,$SourceItem[$SourceField.InternalName])
                    }
                }
            }

            #Copy Created by, Modified by, Created, Modified Metadata values
            $ItemValue.add("Created", $SourceItem["Created"])
            $ItemValue.add("Modified", $SourceItem["Modified"])
            $ItemValue.add("Author", $SourceItem["Author"].Email)
            $ItemValue.add("Editor", $SourceItem["Editor"].Email)

            Write-Progress -Activity "Copying List Items:" -Status "Copying Item ID '$($SourceItem.Id)' from Source List ($($Counter) of $($FilteredSourceListItemsCount))" -PercentComplete (($Counter / $FilteredSourceListItemsCount) * 100)
        
            #Copy column value from source to target
            $NewItem = Add-PnPListItem -List $TargetListName -Values $ItemValue

            #Copy Attachments
            Copy-SPOAttachments -SourceItem $SourceItem -TargetItem $NewItem

            #Delete the Item in the Source List
            Remove-PnPListItem -List $SourceListName -Identity ($SourceItem.Id) -Recycle -Force

            Write-Host "Archived Item '$($SourceItem.Id)' from Source to Target List ($($Counter) of $($FilteredSourceListItemsCount))"
            $Counter++
        }
    }
    Catch {
        Write-host -f Red "Error:" $_.Exception.Message 
    }
}

#Connect to PnP Online
Connect-PnPOnline -Url "https://crescent.sharepoint.com/sites/Projects/" -Interactive
$Context = Get-PnPContext

#Call the Function to Copy List Items between Lists
Archive-SPOListItems -SourceListName "Projects" -TargetListName "ProjectsArchive"

您可以按需运行脚本或将其作为计划任务的一部分运行。

总之，使用 PowerShell 在 SharePoint Online 中归档列表项是保持网站井井有条的快速有效方法。通过使用本教程中提供的脚本，您可以自动执行将旧的或不常用的项目移动到存档位置的过程，从而提高站点性能并减少混乱。